All the plant photographies are performed by Patrick Blanc and their use must go with the photo caption and the mention "copyright Patrick Blanc"
  • Triolena sp., erect dry capsular fruits opening horizontally at the top and allowing rain splash dispersal, Iquitos, Peru

    Triolena sp., erect dry capsular fruits opening horizontally at the top and allowing rain splash dispersal, Iquitos, Peru

  • Macrocentrum cristatum, upwards horizontally open cup capsular fruits allowing rain splash dispersal of the tiny seeds, Nouragues CNRS field station, French Guyana

    Macrocentrum cristatum, upwards horizontally open cup capsular fruits allowing rain splash dispersal of the tiny seeds, Nouragues CNRS field station, French Guyana

  • Gravesia mangorensis on earth bank, erect rain splash seed dispersal capsular fruits, Andasibe, Madagascar

    Gravesia mangorensis on earth bank, erect rain splash seed dispersal capsular fruits, Andasibe, Madagascar

  • Gravesia mangorensis, dry capsular horizontally top opening fruit allowing rain splash seed dispersal, Andasibe, Madagascar

    Gravesia mangorensis, dry capsular horizontally top opening fruit allowing rain splash seed dispersal, Andasibe, Madagascar

  • Gravesia sp. on vertical mossy earth bank, erect mature rain splash seed dispersal capsular fruits, Moramanga, Madagascar, Photo by Bernard Riera

    Gravesia sp. on vertical mossy earth bank, erect mature rain splash seed dispersal capsular fruits, Moramanga, Madagascar, Photo by Bernard Riera

  • Gravesia sp., erect mature five and four parted rain splash seed dispersal capsular fruits, Moramanga, Madagascar, Photo by Bernard Riera

    Gravesia sp., erect mature five and four parted rain splash seed dispersal capsular fruits, Moramanga, Madagascar, Photo by Bernard Riera

  • Phyllagathis sp., probably a new species, dry quadrangular cup shaped capsule allowing seed rain splash dispersal and conspicuous hypanthial glandular emergences, Harau valley, West Sumatra

    Phyllagathis sp., probably a new species, dry quadrangular cup shaped capsule allowing seed rain splash dispersal and conspicuous hypanthial glandular emergences, Harau valley, West Sumatra

  • Phyllagathis hispida, upwards rain splash capsular fruits, Cameron Highlands, Malaysia

    Phyllagathis hispida, upwards rain splash capsular fruits, Cameron Highlands, Malaysia

  • Phyllagathis hispida, upwards rain splash capsular fruits surrounded by hairy sepals, Cameron Highlands, Malaysia

    Phyllagathis hispida, upwards rain splash capsular fruits surrounded by hairy sepals, Cameron Highlands, Malaysia

  • Phyllagathis cf. tonkinensis, infructescence with upwards oriented rain splash seed dispersal capsular fruits, close up, Ba Na Hills, Da Nang, Vietnam

    Phyllagathis cf. tonkinensis, infructescence with upwards oriented rain splash seed dispersal capsular fruits, close up, Ba Na Hills, Da Nang, Vietnam

  • Sonerila annamica, erect rain splash seed dispersal capsules and hairy leaves, Ba Na Hills, Da Nang, Vietnam

    Sonerila annamica, erect rain splash seed dispersal capsules and hairy leaves, Ba Na Hills, Da Nang, Vietnam

  • Sonerila integrifolia, flowers and erect dry rain splash seed dispersal capsules, Cameron Highlands, Malaysia

    Sonerila integrifolia, flowers and erect dry rain splash seed dispersal capsules, Cameron Highlands, Malaysia

  • Sonerila integrifolia, flowers and maturing hairy capsules, Cameron Highlands, Malaysia

    Sonerila integrifolia, flowers and maturing hairy capsules, Cameron Highlands, Malaysia

  • Sonerila obliqua, fruiting individual, Harau valley, West Sumatra

    Sonerila obliqua, fruiting individual, Harau valley, West Sumatra

  • Sonerila obliqua, rain splash seed dispersal capsular fruits, Harau valley, West Sumatra

    Sonerila obliqua, rain splash seed dispersal capsular fruits, Harau valley, West Sumatra

  • Sonerila obliqua, rain splash seed dispersal capsular fruits, horizontally upwards oriented with three valves, Harau valley, West Sumatra

    Sonerila obliqua, rain splash seed dispersal capsular fruits, horizontally upwards oriented with three valves, Harau valley, West Sumatra

  • Calvoa orientalis, monochasial helicoidal cymose inflorescence with maturing fruits and flower buds at the top, Amani, East Usambara, Tanzania

    Calvoa orientalis, monochasial helicoidal cymose inflorescence with maturing fruits and flower buds at the top, Amani, East Usambara, Tanzania

  • Calvoa orientalis, horizontally opening capsular fruits allowing rain splash dispersal of the seeds, Amani, East Usambara, Tanzania

    Calvoa orientalis, horizontally opening capsular fruits allowing rain splash dispersal of the seeds, Amani, East Usambara, Tanzania

  • Calvoa orientalis, maturing fleshy and mature dry capsules, Amani, East Usambara, Tanzania

    Calvoa orientalis, maturing fleshy and mature dry capsules, Amani, East Usambara, Tanzania

  • Gesneria humilis, erect fleshy rain splash seed dispersal capsules, Las Terrazas, Cuba

    Gesneria humilis, erect fleshy rain splash seed dispersal capsules, Las Terrazas, Cuba

  • Gesneria humilis on rocks in its rheophytic habitat, flower and erect fleshy rainsplash seed dispersal capsules, Las Terrazas, Cuba

    Gesneria humilis on rocks in its rheophytic habitat, flower and erect fleshy rainsplash seed dispersal capsules, Las Terrazas, Cuba

  • Gesneria humilis, flower and erect fleshy capsules, Las Terrazas, Cuba

    Gesneria humilis, flower and erect fleshy capsules, Las Terrazas, Cuba

  • Gesneria salicifolia, upwards opening fleshy rain splash seed dispersal capsules, Baracoa, Cuba

    Gesneria salicifolia, upwards opening fleshy rain splash seed dispersal capsules, Baracoa, Cuba

  • Gesneria salicifolia,upwards opening fleshy rain splash seed dispersal capsule, Baracoa, Cuba

    Gesneria salicifolia,upwards opening fleshy rain splash seed dispersal capsule, Baracoa, Cuba

  • Episcia xantha, top open fleshy capsular fruits allowing rain splash dispersal of the small seeds, Saul, French Guyana

    Episcia xantha, top open fleshy capsular fruits allowing rain splash dispersal of the small seeds, Saul, French Guyana

  • Monophyllaea horsfieldii, seeds germinating inside the upwards opening rain splash seed dispersal capsule

    Monophyllaea horsfieldii, seeds germinating inside the upwards opening rain splash seed dispersal capsule

  • Monophyllaea horsfieldii, seeds germinating at the top of the rain splash capsule, one cotyledon already bigger than the other one for each plantlet

    Monophyllaea horsfieldii, seeds germinating at the top of the rain splash capsule, one cotyledon already bigger than the other one for each plantlet

  • Stauranthera grandiflora, flower and maturing fruits protected by enlarging sepals, Tioman, Malaysia

    Stauranthera grandiflora, flower and maturing fruits protected by enlarging sepals, Tioman, Malaysia

  • Stauranthera grandiflora, rain splash upwards fleshy capsular fruit with seeds not dispersed by rain and germinating inside, probably facing an uncertain future, Tioman, Malaysia

    Stauranthera grandiflora, rain splash upwards fleshy capsular fruit with seeds not dispersed by rain and germinating inside, probably facing an uncertain future, Tioman, Malaysia

  • Mitella stylosa, rain splash seed dispersal from cup shaped capsular fruits, Yamaguchi, Japan

    Mitella stylosa, rain splash seed dispersal from cup shaped capsular fruits, Yamaguchi, Japan

  • Neohymenopogon parasiticus, refringent light brown marcescent bracts,  thus not enlarged sepals as in Mussaenda, upwards opening capsules, Doi Inthanon NP, 2300 m asl, Thailand

    Neohymenopogon parasiticus, refringent light brown marcescent bracts, thus not enlarged sepals as in Mussaenda, upwards opening capsules, Doi Inthanon NP, 2300 m asl, Thailand

  • Rhododendron caespitosum, dry open capsules, Habbema lake, Wamena, West Papua

    Rhododendron caespitosum, dry open capsules, Habbema lake, Wamena, West Papua

  • Aeonium aureum, young rosettes and old dead fruiting monocarpic individuals, Teide, Tenerife, Canary Islands

    Aeonium aureum, young rosettes and old dead fruiting monocarpic individuals, Teide, Tenerife, Canary Islands

  • Dorcoceras (syn. Boea) philippense, mature twisted capsules, close up, Lemo, Tana Toraja, South Sulawesi

    Dorcoceras (syn. Boea) philippense, mature twisted capsules, close up, Lemo, Tana Toraja, South Sulawesi

  • Streptocarpus goetzei, twisted capsules allowing wind and rain dispersal of the tiny seeds Zomba, Malawi

    Streptocarpus goetzei, twisted capsules allowing wind and rain dispersal of the tiny seeds Zomba, Malawi

  • Streptocarpus glandulosissimus in a rock fissure, Amani, East Usambara, Tanzania

    Streptocarpus glandulosissimus in a rock fissure, Amani, East Usambara, Tanzania

  • Streptocarpus glandulosissimus, twisted capsular fruits, Amani, East Usambara, Tanzania

    Streptocarpus glandulosissimus, twisted capsular fruits, Amani, East Usambara, Tanzania

  • Streptocarpus glandulosissimus, characteristic twisted capsular fruits, Amani, East Usambara, Tanzania

    Streptocarpus glandulosissimus, characteristic twisted capsular fruits, Amani, East Usambara, Tanzania

  • Streptocarpus glandulosissimus, typical twisted capsule allowing wind and rain dispersal of the dust seeds, Mt Usambara, Tanzania

    Streptocarpus glandulosissimus, typical twisted capsule allowing wind and rain dispersal of the dust seeds, Mt Usambara, Tanzania

  • Microchirita purpurea, upwards capsular fruits, Chanthaburi, Thailand

    Microchirita purpurea, upwards capsular fruits, Chanthaburi, Thailand

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